In 1961 the Soviet Union started the Legendary exploration of Venus with Venera One mission in 1967 we had the First real data about Venus that changed Everything in 1970 the Venera Mission Finally Revealed the mysterious Temperature and environmental Characteristics of the planet and in 1983 with the Venera mission 15 we Finally obtained mind-boggling images of Venus's surface and how much it looks Like Earth but first we will look at the Number one mission that started Everything vanira won So Venera 1 launched by the Soviet Union On February 12 1961 was the first Spacecraft to embark on a mission to Explore Venus the second planet from the Sand its primary objective was to Conduct a flyby of Venus and transmit Scientific data back to Earth the Spacecraft was equipped with instruments To measure Cosmic radiation magnetic Fields and solar wind as it journeyed Towards Venus unfortunately the mission Encounter communication problems and Contact was lost with Venera 1 on May The 19th 1961 before it could Successfully reach its destination Despite its failure to transmit data From Venus Venera 1's pioneering Journey Marked an important milestone in space Exploration Paving the way for future Missions to the enigmatic Planet Venera

2 also known as zon2 was the second of Two attempts made by the Soviet Union in 1965 to explore Venus the closest Planetary neighbor to Earth the Spacecraft was launched on November the 12th 1965 aboard a Monier M carrier Rocket from the baikon or cosmodrome the Venera 2 mission was part of the Soviet Union's ambitious interplanetary program That aimed to explore the planets of our Solar system the spacecraft was targeted Towards Venus a planet which despite its Proximity to Earth remained shrouded in Mystery due to its dense cloud cover This cover presents a significant Challenge to astronomers and scientists Hoping to study its surface features and Geological activity after the launch the Spacecraft performed a mid-course Correction maneuver on November the 17th To adjust its trajectory towards Venus Following a journey of more than three Months Venera 2 approached Venus on February 27 1966. however due to the thermal Control Systems malfunctioning the spacecraft Failed to return any data thus marking The mission as a partial success Nevertheless it was a major milestone in Space exploration and served as a Stepping stone for the Soviet Union Future endeavors in exploring Venus and Venera 2 was not the first ever Mission From the Soviet Union because they had

Another mission before that on the moon For example spadnik a small metal sphere Launched in 1957 was not a mission to The moon but it had a significant impact On the space race and the Soviet Union's Pursuit of lunar exploration it weighed Only 83.6 kilograms and marked Humanity's first Venture beyond Earth's Atmosphere the achievement of Sputnik Was not just a scientific breakthrough But also a psychological victory for the Soviet Union over the United States in The Cold War it proved their Technological capabilities to deliver Payloads into space including Intercontinental ballistic missiles Sputnik represented a new era where Space was no longer an impossible Barrier at the next Frontier for human Exploration encouraged by sputnik's Success the Soviet Union continued their Lunar Ambitions leading to the lunar 2 Mission in September 1959. Luna 2 was the first human-made object To reach the moon impacting their Specific craters although it couldn't Send data or images back to Earth it Marked Humanity's first physical contact With another Celestial body now going Back to Venera 3 it was a space probe Launched by the Soviet Union on November The 16th 1965. it was the first spacecraft to Successfully enter the atmosphere of

Venus and transmit data back to Earth However contact was lost with the Spacecraft just before it landed on the Surface so no data was received from the Actual Landing phenema 3 was a Relatively simple spacecraft consisting Of a spherical main body and a conical Entry probe the main body contained a Radio transmitter batteries and Scientific instruments the entry probe Contained a parachute and a heat shield To protect it from the harsh conditions Of Venus's atmosphere Venera 3 was Launched into the heliocentric Orbit on November the 16th 1965. after several Months of travel it entered the Atmosphere of Venus on March the 1st 1966. the entry probe survived the heat Of entry and deployed its parachute However contact was lost with the Spacecraft just before it landed on the Surface the reason for the loss of Contact is not known for certain but Despite the loss of contact for neighbor 3 was the first spacecraft to Successfully enter the atmosphere of Venus and transmit data back to Earth The data that was received showed that The conditions on Venus were extremely Hostile with temperatures of up to 462 Degrees Celsius and pressures of up to 92 atmospheres Venera 3 was followed by A series of successful missions to Venus Including Venera 4 which became the

First spacecraft to transmit data from The surface of Venus Venera 4 was Launched on June 12 1967 from the baikon Or cosmodrome in the Soviet Union it Traveled to Venus on a five-month Journey making a course correction along The way to ensure that it would hit the Planet's atmosphere on October the 18th 1967 the probe entered the atmosphere of Venus at a speed of 11.5 kilometers per Second it was equipped with a huge Shield to protect it from the intense Heat of Entry as well as a parachute to Slow its descent the probe's instruments Began transmitting data as it descended Through the atmosphere they revealed That the temperature was Rising rapidly Reaching 482 degrees Celsius at an Altitude of 50 kilometers the pressure Was also increasing reaching 100 times That of Earth's atmosphere at the same Altitude the probe also detected a high Concentration of carbon dioxide in the Atmosphere as well as traces of nitrogen Oxygen and water vapor the probe Continued to transmit data until it Reached an altitude of 25 kilometers Above the surface of Venus at that point The heat and pressure became too much For the probe to withstand and it was Destroyed however the data that it Transmitted had already revolutionized Our understanding of Venus Venera 4's Findings showed that Venus is a very

Different planet from Earth its Atmosphere is much thicker and hotter And it is made up of mostly carbon Dioxide there is no liquid water on Venus and the surface temperature is hot Enough to melt lead these conditions are Not conducive to Life as we know it but They do provide valuable insights into The evolution of Venus and other planets Also building on the success of Venera 4 Venera 5 was launched on January the 5th 1969 with a similar atmospheric probe Aiming to delve deep into the Venetian Atmosphere and transmit data until Reaching 18 kilometers above the surface The Monier M designed specifically for Sending payloads into challenging higher Orbits and interplanetary trajectories Successfully launched the Venera 5 on Its course towards Venus the Interplanetary journeys spanned over Four months including which Venera 5 Traveled approximately 41 million Kilometers on May the 16th 1969 Venera 5 Reached the vicinity of Venus at this Point a pre-programmed secrets of events Was triggered to prepare the probe for Its descent into the Venetian atmosphere The spacecraft jettisoned parts of Itself that were no longer necessary Such as its interplanetary Cruise stage To minimize mass and maximize the Chances of a successful descent then Begin The crucial phase of the mission

Venero 5 now in the form of a spherical Descent module plunged into Venus's Atmosphere it entered the atmosphere at An angle to reduce the heat generated by Atmospheric friction and to ensure a Slow and controlled descent the Spacecraft was designed to withstand the High temperatures and pressures of Venus's atmosphere and was equipped with A parachute system to further control The rate of descent Throughout the Descent Venera 5 began Transmitting data back to Earth this Information relay was the core objective Of the mission to directly sample the Venetian atmosphere and send that Information back to researchers on Earth The Descent and data transmission lasted Approximately 53 minutes at about 18 Kilometers above the Venetian surface The mission Ended as the probe succumbed To the extreme atmospheric conditions Additionally among the numerous missions To various celestial bodies the nearest 7 emissioned launched by the Soviet Union to Venus in 1970 holds a special Place in the annals of space history it Was the first spacecraft to successfully Land on another planet and transmit data Back to Earth though it's operation on Venus lasted for just 23 minutes the Importance and implications of this Mission are enduring weighing around 1180 kilograms the spacecraft was

Designed to withstand the Hostile Conditions of Venus and relay data about Its atmosphere and service the journey From earth to Venus took approximately Four months during which the spacecraft Experienced a minor failure that caused It to lose its stability nevertheless Thanks to robust engineering and Effective problem solving the probe was Able to continue its Mission and Successfully approach Venus on December The 15th 1970 the nearest seven entered The Venetian atmosphere descending Towards the surface with the help of a Parachute system the probe landed at an Estimated speed of 16.5 meters per Second tipped over but kept transmitting Data to Earth during its brief 23-minute Operation on the Venetian surface Venera 7 relayed valuable information back to Earth the mission expanded our Understanding of Venus revealing key Details about his atmosphere and surface Conditions these measurements turned out To be a revelation showing Venus's Temperature to be around 475 degrees Celsius much higher than previous Estimates the veneer in 9 and 10 Missions were a pair of Soviet space Probes that were launched in June 1975 To study the planet Venus the two probes Were identical and each consisted of an Orbiter and a Lander the orbiters Entered Venus's Orbit on October 20th

1975 and the Landers touched down on the Surface on October the 22nd and 25th Respectively the veneer 10 Lander landed About 2 200 kilometers from the Venera Ninelander the images from the Venera 10 Lander were similar to those from the Venera 9 Lander but they also showed Some differences for example the Venera 10 Lander landed in a region with more Rolling Hills and fewer rocks the Venera 9 and 10 missions were a major success For the Soviet space program they Provided the first detailed images of The surface of Venus and they made Important measurements of the atmosphere The data from these missions helped Scientists to better understand the Harsh environment of Venus and to Develop new theories about the planet's Formation and evolution moreover for Nearer 15 and Venera 16 were twin Missions launched by the Soviet Union in 1983 each equipped with a synthetic Aperture radar SAR with the main aim of Mapping the surface of Venus Venera 15 Was launched on June the 2nd 1983 of an Era 16 on June 17 1983 both from the Baikon or cosmodrome they were launched Five days apart to ensure that they Reached Venus simultaneously and started Their respective mapping Missions at the Same time after their launch both Satellites took four months to reach Venus arriving in October 1983. the main

Objective of the Venera 15 and 16 Missions was to map the surface of Venus Using synthetic aperture radar the radar Was used to penetrate the dense Venetian Atmosphere an image the planet's surface Which was impossible with Optical Instruments due to the planet's the Cloud cover Technique of mapping provided a detailed View of the planet's surface which had Never been seen before both Venera 15 And 16 entered Venus's orbit Successfully and began their mapping Mission they were positioned so that They could pack the northern hemisphere Of Venus in complementary sways each Covering an area from the North Pole to The 30 degree latitude line over eight Earth months they completed their Mission transmitting valuable and Unprecedented data back to Earth the Data returned by Venera 15 and 16 Provided scientists with an incredibly Detailed view of Venus's surface they Revealed a dense and complex landscape Featuring vast planes high mountain Ranges deep canyons and many volcanic Structures these findings radically Improved our understanding of Venus's Geology and suggested that Venus is Geologically active a concept not fully Confirmed yet but supported by further Missions and observations these missions Data provided a leap in our

Understanding of Venus's geology with a Resolution approximately 100 times Better than the best available radar Images of Venus at the time and it's Important to point out that the Soviet Union had other significant achievements In space for example on December the 2nd 1971 the Mars 3 Lander achieved an Important Milestone by being the first Spacecraft to successfully land on the Martian surface it's sent back a series Of images marking a historic moment in Space exploration however the success Was short-lived as communication with Lander stopped after only 14.5 seconds The exact reason for the communication Failure is not known but it is believed That a severe dust storm might have Disrupted the Lander systems Mars 3's Data revealed that the surface pressure On Mars is much lower than that on Earth And it has a mostly carbon dioxide Atmosphere the instruments on board also Measured a surface temperature of Negative 110 degrees Celsius providing The first evidence of the extreme Conditions on the red planet and also it Is worth noting that Elon Musk has Expressed interest in exploring Venus on Several occasions in 2017 he tweeted That he thought Venus was a more Interesting place to go than Mars Because it was more Earth-like in its Early history he has also said that he

Believes there is a good chance that Life once existed on Venus and that we Should explore the planet to find out More in 2020 musk's company SpaceX Announced plans to send a probe to Venus Called the Starship Venus atmospheric Injury probe the pro probe would be Designed to withstand the harsh Conditions on Venus's surface and would Collect data on the planet's atmosphere Geology and potential for life as mask Said I think Venus is a more interesting Place to go than Mars it's a lot closer It's a lot more Earth-like in its early History I think there's a good chance That life once existed on Venus and I Think it's important to go and find out It remains to be seen whether Elon Musk's plans to explore Venus will come To fruition however his interest in the Planet is a sign that Venus exploration Is becoming more mainstream that's it For today subscribe to our Channel and Hit the notification Bell